Assignment: Legislation Grid
Assignment: Legislation Grid
Assignment: Legislation Grid
Legislation Grid Template
Nurses experience events and situations that motivate them to assume the advocacy role in hopes of influencing policies, regulations, and laws related to healthcare and care provision. To do so, they have to enter into the less familiar political and policy making spheres to demonstrate their interests by evaluating proposed bills and their overall effects on the target health populations, the nursing profession and the healthcare industry at large. The purpose of this assignment is to review a selected health-related bill that has been proposed in Congress and complete the Legislation Grid Template to determine its intent, proponents and opponents, the target population and issue an advocacy statement or testimony.
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Assignment: Legal Aspects Of Healthcare Delivery
Health-related Bill Name | Mobile Health Record Act of 2019
|
Bill Number | H.R.1390 |
Description | Mobile Health Record Act of 2019 was introduced in the house on February 27, 2019 and was sponsored by Susan Brook, the house representative from the fifth Congressional District in Indiana. The bill’s co-sponsors include Yvettte Clarke the New York representative of 9th Congressional District, Levine Mike from California, Schweikert David from Arizona and Gottheimer Josh from New Jersey. The proposal mandates the Centers of Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) to develop a program, which ensures Medicare enrollees link their data using reliable applications, services and research initiative. The bill also requires enrollees to access information using a mobile health record application of their choice and one that is approved by the CMS and meets the specified requirements. The CMS must make such information accessible to such applications as stipulated by the current Blue Button 2.0 program. The proposed legislation also mandates federal payments to states that opt to develop or purchase similar applications for the enrollees. |
Federal or State? | Federal |
Legislative Intent | The legislative intends to change the Social Security Act with the aim of offering benefits from part A or part B of the Medicare programs. These include individuals who enroll in state programs under Medicaid. The bill will empower the beneficiaries to access personal medical data that comprises of prescribed medicines, their diagnoses, providers and tests through the use of their selected mobile health records applications.
|
Proponents/ Opponents | Proponents: Proponents of the bill include the representatives introducing and supporting it, healthcare providers like nurses and physicians, software development companies and startups, and Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS). |
Opponents: Opponents may include insurance companies that have always had the monopoly to offer consultancy services to the beneficiaries. | |
Target Population | Medicare and Medicaid Enrollees |
Status of the bill (Is it in hearings or committees?) | The sponsor introduced the bill in Congress in 2019. The bill went to the respective Committee on Energy and Commerce. The bill is currently in the Committee of Ways and Means’ subcommittee on Health. Lastly, while the bill has received substantial amount of coverage, it is still new and at the committee stage. |
General Notes/Comments
| The need to expand access to health care, especially for older Americans and individuals with chronic conditions, is essential as the country continues to battle pandemics like the Coronavirus disease of 2020. The use of health information technology models like mobile health expands access, particularly to underserved and susceptible populations. Therefore, the bill seeks to enhance access to information and allow individuals to have effective management and involvement in their health decisions (Bouayad et al., 2017). By allowing Medicaid and Medicare beneficiaries to access personal health information through mobile applications, the bill expands care and individual autonomy to make decisions. |
Part 2: Legislation Testimony/Advocacy Statement
Access to healthcare remains one of the primary goals of various administrations, especially at a time when the country and the world are dealing with a resurgence of COVID-19 cases caused by the Delta variant. Healthcare costs continue to rise, particularly for low-income families and racial and ethnic minorities. Implementing various interventions, such as the Mobile Health Records Act of 2019, will ensure that these people have access to healthcare at an affordable cost. The bill focuses on improving individual access to care information through the use of novel technology. Dameff et al. (2019) argue in their study that the use of mobile health records platforms can improve health delivery and outcomes. The authors stress the importance of adopting health information technology models to improve overall care delivery, particularly access to personal health records.
https://nursingpaperslayers.com/assignment-legislation-grid/
Priority one for this strategy should be to see if it can enhance outcomes for patients while also keeping costs down and service standards high (Snezana et al., 2020). Electronic health records and the expansion of Internet platforms and smart technologies have resulted in a smooth flow of crucial clinical information among care organizations and healthcare practitioners (Harahap et al., 2021). Patients will be more involved in making decisions about their treatment plans and actions if they are able to achieve the same level of personal empowerment.
Using this method, people will be better equipped to make well-informed decisions about their healthcare needs. Since these applications have not been proved to improve access and quality, opposition to this legislation is inevitable (Niazkhani et al., 2020). Looking at the effectiveness of models like electronic health records, telehealth, and telemedicine as well as artificial intelligence in healthcare can help solve such positions.
Conclusion
The Mobile Health Records Act of 2019 is a mobile version of EHRs and should be passed and enacted into law to enhance access to care and reduce the overall costs. The use of such technologies will also enhance patients’ participation in their treatment plans and interventions and allow them to make better informed choices and decisions.
References
Bouayad, L., Ialynytchev, A., & Padmanabhan, B. (2017). Patient health record
systems scope and functionalities: Literature review and future directions. Journal of Medical Internet Research, 19(11), e388.
doi: 10.2196/jmir.8073.
Congress.GOV. (2021). H.R.1390 – Mobile Health Record Act of 2019.
https://www.congress.gov/bill/116th-congress/house-bill/1390/committees
Dameff, C., Clay, B., Longhurst, C. A. (2019). Personal Health Records: More
Promising in the Smartphone Era? JAMA, 321(4):339-340.
doi: 10.1001/jama.2018.20434.
Harahap, N. C., Handayani, P. W., & Hidayanto, A. N. (2021). Functionalities and
issues in the implementation of personal health records: Systematic review. Journal of medical Internet research, 23(7), e26236.
doi: 10.2196/26236
Niazkhani, Z., Toni, E., Cheshmekaboodi, M., Georgiou, A., & Pirnejad, H.
(2020). Barriers to patient, provider, and caregiver adoption and use of electronic personal health records in chronic care: a systematic review. BMC medical informatics and decision making, 20(1), 1-36.
doi: 10.1186/s12911-020-01159-1
Snezana, S., Kilintzis, V., Jakimovski, B., Jolevski, I., Beredimas, N., Mourouzis,
A., … & Trajkovik, V. (2020, September). Cloud Based Personal Health Records Data Exchange in the Age of IoT: The Cross4all Project. In International Conference on ICT Innovations (pp. 28-41). Springer, Cham.
Assignment: Legislation Comparison Grid and Testimony/Advocacy Statement
Many nurses encounter daily experiences that motivate them to take on an advocacy role in hopes of impacting policies, laws, or regulations that impact healthcare issues of interest. Of course, doing so means entering the less familiar world of policy and politics. While many nurses do not initially feel prepared to operate in this space effectively, the reward is the opportunity to shape and influence future health policy.
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Nurses experience events and situations that motivate them to assume the advocacy role in hopes of influencing policies, regulations, and laws related to healthcare and care provision. To do so, they have to enter into the less familiar political and policy making spheres to demonstrate their interests by evaluating proposed bills and their overall effects on the target health populations, the nursing profession and the healthcare industry at large. The purpose of this assignment is to review a selected health-related bill that has been proposed in Congress and complete the Legislation Grid Template to determine its intent, proponents and opponents, the target population and issue an advocacy statement or testimony.
Health-related Bill Name | Mobile Health Record Act of 2019
|
Bill Number | H.R.1390 |
Description | Mobile Health Record Act of 2019 was introduced in the house on February 27, 2019 and was sponsored by Susan Brook, the house representative from the fifth Congressional District in Indiana. The bill’s co-sponsors include Yvettte Clarke the New York representative of 9th Congressional District, Levine Mike from California, Schweikert David from Arizona and Gottheimer Josh from New Jersey. The proposal mandates the Centers of Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) to develop a program, which ensures Medicare enrollees link their data using reliable applications, services and research initiative. The bill also requires enrollees to access information using a mobile health record application of their choice and one that is approved by the CMS and meets the specified requirements. The CMS must make such information accessible to such applications as stipulated by the current Blue Button 2.0 program. The proposed legislation also mandates federal payments to states that opt to develop or purchase similar applications for the enrollees. |
Federal or State? | Federal |
Legislative Intent | The legislative intends to change the Social Security Act with the aim of offering benefits from part A or part B of the Medicare programs. These include individuals who enroll in state programs under Medicaid. The bill will empower the beneficiaries to access personal medical data that comprises of prescribed medicines, their diagnoses, providers and tests through the use of their selected mobile health records applications.
|
Proponents/ Opponents | Proponents: Proponents of the bill include the representatives introducing and supporting it, healthcare providers like nurses and physicians, software development companies and startups, and Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS). |
Opponents: Opponents may include insurance companies that have always had the monopoly to offer consultancy services to the beneficiaries. | |
Target Population | Medicare and Medicaid Enrollees |
Status of the bill (Is it in hearings or committees?) | The sponsor introduced the bill in Congress in 2019. The bill went to the respective Committee on Energy and Commerce. The bill is currently in the Committee of Ways and Means’ subcommittee on Health. Lastly, while the bill has received substantial amount of coverage, it is still new and at the committee stage. |
General Notes/Comments
| The need to expand access to health care, especially for older Americans and individuals with chronic conditions, is essential as the country continues to battle pandemics like the Coronavirus disease of 2020. The use of health information technology models like mobile health expands access, particularly to underserved and susceptible populations. Therefore, the bill seeks to enhance access to information and allow individuals to have effective management and involvement in their health decisions (Bouayad et al., 2017). By allowing Medicaid and Medicare beneficiaries to access personal health information through mobile applications, the bill expands care and individual autonomy to make decisions. |
Part 2: Legislation Testimony/Advocacy Statement
Access to healthcare remains one of the fundamental goals of different administrations, particularly at this time when the country and the world are battling a resurgence in COVID-19 cases due to the Delta variant. The cost of healthcare continues to rise, particularly for those from low-income households and neighborhood and racial minorities. Initiating different interventions such as the introduction of Mobile Health Records Act of 2019 will ensure that these people can access healthcare at affordable cost. The bill focuses on improving access to care information at an individual level by using novel technology. In their study, Dameff et al. (2019) advance that the deployment of mobile health records platforms can enhance health delivery and outcomes. The authors emphasize the need to embrace health information technology models to enhance overall care delivery, particularly access to personal health records.
The main concern should be on whether the model through the provision of access to personal health information can improve care outcomes at the minimal cost while maintaining the quality of care service (Snezana et al., 2020). It is essential to know that the advent of electronic health records and expanded use of Internet platforms and smart technologies have led to seamless flow of critical clinical information among care organizations and providers (Harahap et al., 2021). Imperatively, if the same can be attained at a personal level, it will enhance patient involvement in decision making concerning their care plans and interventions.
The approach will also enhance individuals’ ability to make informed choices concerning the use of healthcare services. Opposition to this Act can only arise due to unproven status of such applications in improving access and quality of care (Niazkhani et al., 2020). Such positions can be addressed by looking at the success of models like the electronic health records, the use of telehealth and telemedicine, and even artificial intelligence in care provision and reducing the cost of healthcare.
Conclusion
The Mobile Health Records Act of 2019 is a mobile version of EHRs and should be passed and enacted into law to enhance access to care and reduce the overall costs. The use of such technologies will also enhance patients’ participation in their treatment plans and interventions and allow them to make better informed choices and decisions.
References
Bouayad, L., Ialynytchev, A., & Padmanabhan, B. (2017). Patient health record
systems scope and functionalities: Literature review and future directions. Journal of Medical Internet Research, 19(11), e388.
doi: 10.2196/jmir.8073.
Congress.GOV. (2021). H.R.1390 – Mobile Health Record Act of 2019.
https://www.congress.gov/bill/116th-congress/house-bill/1390/committees
Dameff, C., Clay, B., Longhurst, C. A. (2019). Personal Health Records: More
Promising in the Smartphone Era? JAMA, 321(4):339-340.
doi: 10.1001/jama.2018.20434.
Harahap, N. C., Handayani, P. W., & Hidayanto, A. N. (2021). Functionalities and
issues in the implementation of personal health records: Systematic review. Journal of medical Internet research, 23(7), e26236.
doi: 10.2196/26236
Niazkhani, Z., Toni, E., Cheshmekaboodi, M., Georgiou, A., & Pirnejad, H.
(2020). Barriers to patient, provider, and caregiver adoption and use of electronic personal health records in chronic care: a systematic review. BMC medical informatics and decision making, 20(1), 1-36.
doi: 10.1186/s12911-020-01159-1
Snezana, S., Kilintzis, V., Jakimovski, B., Jolevski, I., Beredimas, N., Mourouzis,
A., … & Trajkovik, V. (2020, September). Cloud Based Personal Health Records Data Exchange in the Age of IoT: The Cross4all Project. In International Conference on ICT Innovations (pp. 28-41). Springer, Cham.
As a nurse, how often have you thought to yourself, If I had anything to do about it, things would work a little differently? Increasingly, nurses are beginning to realize that they do, in fact, have a role and a voice.
The Assignment: (1- to 2-page Comparison Grid; 1- to 2-page Legislation Testimony/Advocacy Statement)
Part 2: Legislation Testimony/Advocacy Statement
Based on the health-related bill you selected, develop a 1- to 2-page Legislation Testimony/Advocacy Statement that addresses the following:
Advocate a position for the bill you selected and write testimony in support of your position.
Describe how you would address the opponent to your position. Be specific and provide examples.
Recommend at least one amendment to the bill in support of your position.
Legislation Grid Template
Use this document to complete Part 1 of the Module 2 Assessment Legislation Grid and

Testimony/Advocacy Statement
Health-related Bill Name
Helping Health Care Workers Afford Child and Elderly Care Act
Bill Number S.3567
Description Healthcare providers have an essential role to play in the provision of care to the diverse populations. In doing this, they also have the responsibility to ensure that they address the healthcare needs of those who depend on them. In specific, the healthcare providers should be able to afford the care that their children and elderly parents need. This implies that there is a need for a legislation that provides the healthcare givers with the financial support that they need in ensuring that the health needs of their children and elderly parents are met (Crawshaw et al., 2020). Therefore, the Helping Health Care Workers Afford Child and Elder Care Act has been proposed to achieve this outcome.
Federal or State? The bill is a state bill. It seeks to ensure that all the states adopt the bill to ensure that healthcare providers can afford the care that their children and elderly need. The bill aims to enhance the affordability, accessibility, and availability of the care that those dependent on healthcare providers need.
Only the most critical workers in the state are targeted by the Helping Healthcare Workers Afford Child and Elder Care Act. The bill defines “essential workers” as health-care professionals, sanitation workers, workers who cannot telework, emergency responders, and employees of firms that must remain open during public emergencies as examples of “essential workers.” According to the measure, additional financing is needed to accomplish the program’s stated goals. In fiscal year 2020, each state must set aside $500,000. A portion of the funding will be utilized to cover the costs of child care, daytime care, and adult protective services for household members or dependents of important workers who need healthcare services. Depending on the essential workers, monies will be used to reimburse for the costs of obtaining services, such as emergency services and child care, for the young and elderly. Only those who are unable to provide for themselves are eligible for the cash (Shaheen, 2020).
Opponents and supporters Proponents: The bill currently has the support of five senators. Baldwin Tammy, Hassan Margaret Wood, Harris Kamala, Reed Jack, and Durbin Richard are among the senators who will be participating. According to the bill’s supporters, the bill will help the dependents of health care workers get the care they need. By passing this legislation the sickness will be made easier on healthcare staff as well. As a result, health care professionals may rest easy knowing that the state would back them up when it comes to issues harming their loved ones.
Currently, there are no opponents to the bill’s implementation. It is expected that the law would be opposed by arguments that existing health legislation such as the Affordable Care Act serve the needs of elderly and children in different states. The bill may also attract opposition because of the present large wage bill in many states.
People Who Fall Within This Group Children and the elderly, both of whom are heavily reliant on vital workers, are the primary focus of this legislation.
What is the current state of the legislation? There is now a hearing on the bill.
Remarks of a General Nature
It is critical that the Health Care Workers Afford Child and Elder Care Act be passed by all 50 states. The bill’s passing means that workers who are absolutely necessary will have their health care demands reduced. Those who play a crucial part in the general population’s health and well-being have a significant impact. Care for persons in need can be offered at a high level based on their current and future human requirements. Health care costs for dependents of high-ranking employees will be covered by public aid as part of this new policy. Workers in the medical field should be expected to be motivated to improve the health and well-being of their patients. It is vital, according to Niles (2019), that lawmakers meet the critical needs of healthcare providers in order to motivate them to provide care to others. The bill’s goal is to encourage doctors, nurses, and other healthcare workers to provide their patients with cutting-edge, evidence-based care (Milstead, 2019; Olusegun & Tinuke, 2020). As a result, I support its introduction at the state level to assist healthcare providers’ families. For those who criticize my position, I intend to highlight the importance of healthcare workers to our nation. Using Covid19 as an example, I will demonstrate how the legislation is important to meet the expectations of these critical workers.. I intend to use HR concepts, such as employee development, in my interactions with people opposed to the legislation. Workers in the health care industry will be more driven to give excellent service if the law is adopted. Everyone’s health and well-being will benefit as a result. As a last point, I’d want to point out studies and countries that have already implemented comparable policies.
References
Crawshaw, J., Budhwar, P., & Davis, A. (2020). Human Resource Management: Strategic and International Perspectives. SAGE.
Milstead, J. A. (2019). Health Policy and Politics: A Nurse’s Guide. Burlington, MA: Jones & Bartlett Publishers.
Niles, N. J. (2019). Basic Concepts of Health Care Human Resource Management. Burlington, MA: Jones & Bartlett Learning.
Olusegun, A., Sulaiman, & Tinuke, F. (2020). Human Resource Management Practices for Promoting Sustainability. IGI Global.
Shaheen, J. (2020, March 22). S.3567 – 116th Congress (2019-2020): Helping Health Care Workers Afford Child and Elder Care Act (2019/2020) [Webpage]. https://www.congress.gov/bill/116th-congress/senate-bill/3567
Part 1: Legislation Comparison Grid
Based on the health-related bill you selected, complete the Legislation Comparison Grid Template. Be sure to address the following:
Determine the legislative intent of the bill you have reviewed.
Identify the proponents/opponents of the bill.
Identify the target populations addressed by the bill.
Where in the process is the bill currently? Is it in hearings or committees?
Is it receiving press coverage?
Module 2: Legislation (Weeks 3-4)
Laureate Education (Producer). (2018). Legislation [Video file]. Baltimore, MD: Author.
Learning Objectives
Students will:
- Analyze how cost-benefit analysis affects legislative efforts
- Analyze legislative intent of bills
- Identify proponents and opponents of bills
- Analyze legislative process of bills
- Advocate policy position for bills
Due By | Assignment |
---|---|
Week 3, Days 1-2 | Read/Watch/Listen to the Learning Resources. Compose your initial Discussion post. |
Week 3, Day 3 | Post your initial Discussion post. Begin to compose your Assignment. |
Week 3, Days 4-5 | Review peer Discussion posts. Compose your peer Discussion responses. Continue to compose your Assignment. |
Week 3, Day 6 | Post at least two peer Discussion responses on two different days (and not the same day as the initial post). |
Week 3, Day 7 | Wrap up Discussion. |
Week 4, Days 1-6 | Continue to compose your Assignment. |
Week 4, Day 7 | Deadline to submit your Assignment. |
Learning Resources
Required Readings
Milstead, J. A., & Short, N. M. (2019). Health policy and politics: A nurse’s guide (6th ed.). Burlington, MA: Jones & Bartlett Learning.
- Chapter 3, “Government Response: Legislation” (pp. 37–56)
- Chapter 10, “Overview: The Economics and Finance of Health Care” (pp. 180–183 only)
Congress.gov. (n.d.). Retrieved September 20, 2018, from https://www.congress.gov/
Taylor, D., Olshansky, E., Fugate-Woods, N., Johnson-Mallard, V., Safriet, B. J., & Hagan, T. (2017). Corrigendum to position statement: Political interference in sexual and reproductive health research and health professional education. Nursing Outlook, 65(2), 346–350.
United States House of Representatives. (n.d.). Retrieved September 20, 2018, from https://www.house.gov/
United States Senate. (n.d.). Retrieved September 20, 2018, from https://www.senate.gov/
United States Senate. (n.d.). Senate organization chart for the 115th Congress. Retrieved September 20, 2018, from https://www.senate.gov/reference/org_chart.htm
Document: Legislation Grid Template (Word document)
Required Media
Laureate Education (Producer). (2018). Working with Legislators [Video file]. Baltimore, MD: Author.
Laureate Education (Producer). (2018). Introduction to Health Policy and Law with Joel Teitelbaum [Video file]. Baltimore, MD: Author.
Credit: Provided courtesy of the Laureate International Network of Universities.
Laureate Education (Producer). (2018). Contemporary Issues in Public Health Policy with Joel Teitelbaum [Video file]. Baltimore, MD: Author.
Laureate Education (Producer). (2018). Peter Beilenson: Population Health [Video file]. Baltimore, MD: Author.
Discussion: Politics and the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act
Regardless of political affiliation, individuals often grow concerned when considering perceived competing interests of government and their impact on topics of interest to them. The realm of healthcare is no different. Some people feel that local, state, and federal policies and legislation can be either helped or hindered by interests other than the benefit to society.
Consider for example that the number one job of a legislator is to be reelected. Cost can be measured in votes as well as dollars. Thus, it is important to consider the legislator’s perspective on either promoting or not promoting a certain initiative in the political landscape.
To Prepare:
- Review the Resources and reflect on efforts to repeal/replace the Affordable Care Act (ACA).
- Consider who benefits the most when policy is developed and in the context of policy implementation.
By Day 3 of Week 3
Post an explanation for how you think the cost-benefit analysis in terms of legislators being reelected affected efforts to repeal/replace the ACA. Then, explain how analyses of the voters views may affect decisions by legislative leaders in recommending or positioning national policies (e.g., Congress’ decisions impacting Medicare or Medicaid). Remember, the number one job of a legislator is to be re-elected. Please check your discussion grading rubric to ensure your responses meet the criteria.
By Day 6 of Week 3
Respond to at least two of your colleagues* on two different days by expanding on their explanation and providing an example that supports their explanation or respectfully challenging their explanation and providing an example.
*Note: Throughout this program, your fellow students are referred to as colleagues.
Submission and Grading Information
Grading Criteria
To access your rubric:
Week 3 Discussion Rubric
Post by Day 3 and Respond by Day 6 of Week 3
To participate in this Discussion:
Week 3 Discussion
You must proofread your paper. But do not strictly rely on your computer’s spell-checker and grammar-checker; failure to do so indicates a lack of effort on your part and you can expect your grade to suffer accordingly. Papers with numerous misspelled words and grammatical mistakes will be penalized. Read over your paper – in silence and then aloud – before handing it in and make corrections as necessary. Often it is advantageous to have a friend proofread your paper for obvious errors. Handwritten corrections are preferable to uncorrected mistakes.
Use a standard 10 to 12 point (10 to 12 characters per inch) typeface. Smaller or compressed type and papers with small margins or single-spacing are hard to read. It is better to let your essay run over the recommended number of pages than to try to compress it into fewer pages.
Likewise, large type, large margins, large indentations, triple-spacing, increased leading (space between lines), increased kerning (space between letters), and any other such attempts at “padding” to increase the length of a paper are unacceptable, wasteful of trees, and will not fool your professor.
The paper must be neatly formatted, double-spaced with a one-inch margin on the top, bottom, and sides of each page. When submitting hard copy, be sure to use white paper and print out using dark ink. If it is hard to read your essay, it will also be hard to follow your argument.
ADDITIONAL INSTRUCTIONS FOR THE CLASS
Discussion Questions (DQ)
Initial responses to the DQ should address all components of the questions asked, include a minimum of one scholarly source, and be at least 250 words.
Successful responses are substantive (i.e., add something new to the discussion, engage others in the discussion, well-developed idea) and include at least one scholarly source.
One or two sentence responses, simple statements of agreement or “good post,” and responses that are off-topic will not count as substantive. Substantive responses should be at least 150 words.
I encourage you to incorporate the readings from the week (as applicable) into your responses.
Weekly Participation
Your initial responses to the mandatory DQ do not count toward participation and are graded separately.
In addition to the DQ responses, you must post at least one reply to peers (or me) on three separate days, for a total of three replies.
Participation posts do not require a scholarly source/citation (unless you cite someone else’s work).
Part of your weekly participation includes viewing the weekly announcement and attesting to watching it in the comments. These announcements are made to ensure you understand everything that is due during the week.
APA Format and Writing Quality
Familiarize yourself with APA format and practice using it correctly. It is used for most writing assignments for your degree. Visit the Writing Center in the Student Success Center, under the Resources tab in LoudCloud for APA paper templates, citation examples, tips, etc. Points will be deducted for poor use of APA format or absence of APA format (if required).
Cite all sources of information! When in doubt, cite the source. Paraphrasing also requires a citation.
I highly recommend using the APA Publication Manual, 6th edition.
Use of Direct Quotes
I discourage overutilization of direct quotes in DQs and assignments at the Masters’ level and deduct points accordingly.
As Masters’ level students, it is important that you be able to critically analyze and interpret information from journal articles and other resources. Simply restating someone else’s words does not demonstrate an understanding of the content or critical analysis of the content.
It is best to paraphrase content and cite your source.
LopesWrite Policy
For assignments that need to be submitted to LopesWrite, please be sure you have received your report and Similarity Index (SI) percentage BEFORE you do a “final submit” to me.
Once you have received your report, please review it. This report will show you grammatical, punctuation, and spelling errors that can easily be fixed. Take the extra few minutes to review instead of getting counted off for these mistakes.
Review your similarities. Did you forget to cite something? Did you not paraphrase well enough? Is your paper made up of someone else’s thoughts more than your own?
Visit the Writing Center in the Student Success Center, under the Resources tab in LoudCloud for tips on improving your paper and SI score.
Late Policy
The university’s policy on late assignments is 10% penalty PER DAY LATE. This also applies to late DQ replies.
Please communicate with me if you anticipate having to submit an assignment late. I am happy to be flexible, with advance notice. We may be able to work out an extension based on extenuating circumstances.
If you do not communicate with me before submitting an assignment late, the GCU late policy will be in effect.
I do not accept assignments that are two or more weeks late unless we have worked out an extension.
As per policy, no assignments are accepted after the last day of class. Any assignment submitted after midnight on the last day of class will not be accepted for grading.
Communication
Communication is so very important. There are multiple ways to communicate with me:Questions to Instructor Forum: This is a great place to ask course content or assignment questions. If you have a question, there is a good chance one of your peers does as well. This is a public forum for the class.
Individual Forum: This is a private forum to ask me questions or send me messages. This will be checked at least once every 24 hours.
An Introduction to Health Policy and Law Program Transcript
JOEL TEITELBAUM: Politics plays a huge role in the development and implementation of health policy.
NARRATOR: Joel Teitelbaum is the associate professor and vice chair for academic affairs in the Department of Health Policy at the George Washington University. He’s also the school’s director of the Hirsch Health Law and Policy program. Professor Teitelbaum co-authored The Essentials of Health Policy and Law for students studying law and policy as a component of their public health studies.
As a university professor and an academic lawyer, Joel has influenced health policy and the policymaking process.
JOEL TEITELBAUM: Two of the three branches of government are by intent by design political. So the executive branch and the legislative branch, the two branches of government that are tasked with designing and implementing health policy and laws, are by their design political, because we elect them. They’re imbued with power as a result of federal and state elections.
So you from that starting point, you have to understand that anything that goes in the policy making and the legal process is going to be political. The Affordable Care Act, for example, passed without any Republicans signatures. And you can see, after it was passed and it’s being implemented that fully half of the states, most of them led by either Republican governors or legislatures, are actively challenging or ignoring the law.
So it’s clear that obviously politics is playing a very important role in both the design at the outset and now the implementation of the Affordable Care Act. Over the past century or so, there have been many examples of important health policies that have really changed the delivery of public health services in this country. I think a good starting point is with the Public Health Service Act in 1944, which at that point consolidated a lot of the health policies that were in existence and greatly expanded the role of the Public Health Service.
From there, you can look to the 1960s when we had the passage of Medicare and Medicaid, which of course gave health insurance and really did a lot to improve the public health for the elderly and for the disadvantaged and poor. The Community Health Center program, which has really influenced public health, was passed in 1965, was when the first health center opened.
From there, you can look at the Affordable Care Act of course in 2010. I think the Affordable Care Act has very much influenced the notion of health care as either a right or a privilege. I think it has taken us further away from the idea of healthcare as a privilege and closer to the idea of health care as a right. Now, the way that the Affordable Care Act mainly did this was through the creation and the regulation of new health insurance markets.
And there is clearly not a one to one correlation between having health insurance and health care as a right, because even with health insurance, there’s no guarantee that someone will get quality health care or any health care at all if they can’t access it. But I do you think that the Affordable Care Act has played a large role in helping the country move toward understanding that what it means to have an equitable and fair health care system means having access to insurance which then in many cases will then lead you to health care access.
Even after implementation of the Affordable Care Act, there’s going to be 10s of millions of people without insurance. So the idea that we’re somehow close even to universal insurance leading towards a right is still pretty far away. My experience in influencing health policy I think I can talk about in two different ways.
The first is what I have learned about what it means to be a health policy advocate or influential health policy maker or someone who can help influence the design of health policy. Broadly speaking, I think you have to have a lot of stamina, you have to be a very good team player understand that no one individual given the multifaceted nature of health policy making can have as great an influence as they can if they’re working with, say, lawyers and economists and others. I think you have to have a fertile political environment, because again, as we’ve seen, something like the Affordable Care Act barely even passed even though it is something we’ve been working toward for many, many decades in this country.
In terms of my own experience, my role in thinking about health policy and law and the research and teaching and writing that I’ve done has spanned several topical areas. I started off working on behavioral health care issues in law and policy– so substance abuse and mental health issues. That transformed into work around managed care law and policy, which then morphed into an interest that I brought the job which was health care civil rights, and after that into health care reform and implementation.
So along the way, I’ve been able I think to influence health policy in each one of those areas through articles, through presentations, I’ve testified before the DC council, I’ve written testimony for Congress. So there have been a lot of different ways I think as a university professor and as an academic lawyer that I’ve been able to influence the policy making process.
So what are some of the pearls and pitfalls of writing a health policy analysis? I’ll give you a handful. The first one is that you should not go into the writing a policy analysis with an outcome in mind. You’ve got to be open minded and be able to really take a look at what the data says, what the literature says, and be thinking creatively about what all the various options are, as opposed to going in with one outcome in mind.
The second thing is that the advice that you give, the final recommendation that you make to the policymaker, whoever that may be, has to be within that policymaker’s power to achieve. There’s no point in giving advice that there is no either political environment for or is within the power of the policymaker to actually carry out. Another one is that you have to address all sides of a policy issue.
When you’re writing a policy analysis, it’s not enough to look at two or three, even if they’re good, options. You have to address all sides of the issue. Otherwise, the policymaker won’t really be able to make an informed decision. You can’t be giving superficial advise. As the policy analyst, as the writer of a policy analysis, you have to be very well informed, oftentimes better informed than the policymaker him or herself.
It’s you they’re going to be relying on. And you have to be incredibly informed. So the giving of superficial advice is really something that you shouldn’t do in crafting a policy analysis. Oftentimes students forget in writing a policy analysis that giving the recommendation to do nothing is an option. In fact, it is an option.
So when what you’re doing is considering a policy question and thinking about what the options are, sometimes doing nothing, leaving things as they are, the status quo, is the best thing to do. A lot of times, students believe that they need to recommend a change just for change sake. I don’t think that’s always the best advice.
An Introduction to Health Policy and Law Additional Content Attribution
Teitelbaum, J.B., & Wilensky, S.E. (2013). Essentials of Health Policy and Law
(2nd Ed.). Burlington, MA: Jones & Bartlett Learning.
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Name: NURS_6050_Module02_Week04_Assignment_Rubric
Excellent | Good | Fair | Poor | |
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Federal and State Legislation Part 1: Legislation Grid Based on the health-related bill you selected, complete the Legislation Grid Template. Be sure to address the following: • Determine the legislative intent of the bill you have reviewed. • Identify the proponents/opponents of the bill. • Identify the target populations addressed by the bill. • Where in the process is the bill currently? Is it in hearings or committees? | Points Range: 32 (32%) – 35 (35%) The response clearly and accurately summarizes in detail the legislative intent of the health-related bill. The response accurately identifies in detail the proponents and opponents of the health-related bill. The response accurately identifies in detail the populations targeted by the health-related bill. The response clearly and thoroughly describes in detail the current status of the health-related bill. | Points Range: 28 (28%) – 31 (31%) The response accurately summarizes the legislative intent of the health-related bill. The response accurately identifies the proponents and opponents of the health-related bill. The response accurately identifies the populations targeted by the health-related bill. The response accurately describes the current status of the health-related bill. | Points Range: 25 (25%) – 27 (27%) The response vaguely or inaccurately summarizes the legislative intent of the health-related bill. The response vaguely or inaccurately identifies the proponents and opponents of the health-related bill. The response vaguely or inaccurately identifies the populations targeted by the health-related bill. The response vaguely or inaccurately describes the current status of the health-related bill. | Points Range: 0 (0%) – 24 (24%) Summary of the legislative intent of the health-related bill is vague and inaccurate or is missing. Identification of the proponents and opponents of the health-related bill are vague and inaccurate or is missing. Identification of the populations targeted by the health-related bill is vague and inaccurate or is missing. The description of the current status of the health-related bill is vague and inaccurate or is missing. |
Advocating for Legislation Part 2: Legislation Testimony/Advocacy Statement Based on the health-related bill you selected, develop a 1-page Legislation Testimony/Advocacy Statement that addresses the following: • Advocate a position for the bill you selected and write testimony in support of your position. • Describe how you would address the opponent to your position. Be specific and provide examples. | Points Range: 45 (45%) – 50 (50%) Testimony clearly and thoroughly provides statements that fully justifies a position for a health-related bill. Response provides a detailed, thorough, and logical explanation of how to address opponents to the position for the health-related bill and includes one or more clear and accurate supporting examples. A complete, detailed, and specific synthesis of two outside resources is provided. The response fully integrates at least 2 outside resources and 2-3 course specific resources that fully supports the responses provided. | Points Range: 40 (40%) – 44 (44%) Testimony clearly and accurately provides statements that somewhat justifies a position for a health-related bill. Response provides an accurate explanation of how to address opponents to the position for the health-related bill and may include at least one supporting example. An accurate synthesis of at least one outside resource is provided. The response integrates at least 1 outside resource and 2-3 course specific resources that may support the responses provided. | Points Range: 35 (35%) – 39 (39%) Testimony used to justify a position for a health-related bill is vague or inaccurate. Explanation of how to address the opponents to the position for the health-related bill is vague or inaccurate, lacks logic, and/or the supporting examples are vague or inaccurate. A vague or inaccurate synthesis of outside resources is provided. The response minimally integrates resources that may support the responses provided. | Points Range: 0 (0%) – 34 (34%) Testimony used to justify a position for a health-related bill is vague and inaccurate, incomplete, or is missing. Explanation of how to address the opponents to the position for the health-related bill is vague and inaccurate, or is missing. A vague and inaccurate synthesis of no outside resources is provided, or is missing. The response fails to integrate any resources to support the responses provided. |
Written Expression and Formatting – Paragraph Development and Organization: Paragraphs make clear points that support well developed ideas, flow logically, and demonstrate continuity of ideas. Sentences are carefully focused–neither long and rambling nor short and lacking substance. A clear and comprehensive purpose statement and introduction is provided which delineates all required criteria. | Points Range: 5 (5%) – 5 (5%) Paragraphs and sentences follow writing standards for flow, continuity, and clarity. A clear and comprehensive purpose statement, introduction, and conclusion is provided which delineates all required criteria. | Points Range: 4 (4%) – 4 (4%) Paragraphs and sentences follow writing standards for flow, continuity, and clarity 80% of the time. Purpose, introduction, and conclusion of the assignment is stated, yet is brief and not descriptive. | Points Range: 3.5 (3.5%) – 3.5 (3.5%) Paragraphs and sentences follow writing standards for flow, continuity, and clarity 60%- 79% of the time. Purpose, introduction, and conclusion of the assignment is vague or off topic. | Points Range: 0 (0%) – 3 (3%) Paragraphs and sentences follow writing standards for flow, continuity, and clarity < 60% of the time. No purpose statement, introduction, or conclusion was provided. |
Written Expression and Formatting – English writing standards: Correct grammar, mechanics, and proper punctuation | Points Range: 5 (5%) – 5 (5%) Uses correct grammar, spelling, and punctuation with no errors. | Points Range: 4 (4%) – 4 (4%) Contains a few (1-2) grammar, spelling, and punctuation errors. | Points Range: 3.5 (3.5%) – 3.5 (3.5%) Contains several (3-4) grammar, spelling, and punctuation errors. | Points Range: 0 (0%) – 3 (3%) Contains many (≥ 5) grammar, spelling, and punctuation errors that interfere with the reader’s understanding. |
Written Expression and Formatting – The paper follows correct APA format for title page, headings, font, spacing, margins, indentations, page numbers, parenthetical/in-text citations, and reference list. | Points Range: 5 (5%) – 5 (5%) Uses correct APA format with no errors. | Points Range: 4 (4%) – 4 (4%) Contains a few (1-2) APA format errors. | Points Range: 3.5 (3.5%) – 3.5 (3.5%) Contains several (3-4) APA format errors. | Points Range: 0 (0%) – 3 (3%) Contains many (≥ 5) APA format errors. |
Total Points: 100 |
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